Legal Definitions Glossary

anything in which food is wholly or partly cased, covered, contained, placed or otherwise packed in any manner and any such other receptacle of any kind whether opened or closed

anything in which food is wholly or partly cased, covered, enclosed, contained, placed or otherwise packed in any way whatsoever and any such other receptacle of any kind whether opened or closed

a citizen of Pakistan who is, or in good faith claims to be, of unmixed Asiatic descent and who professes any form of the Christian religion

means the panel of Neutrals notified under section 4

vellum, parchment or any other material on which an instrument may be written

the guardian of a party to a marriage and any person who provides for dowry or bridal gifts and, in the case of a party to a marriage who has no parent, or whose marriage is solemnized in circumstances in which, or at a place at which, no parent is present, such party

shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in section 4 of the Partnership Act 1932 (IX of 1932) and shall include (a) any person who, being a minor has been admitted to the benefits of partnership; and (b) a member of association of persons

shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in section 4 of the Partnership Act 1932 (IX of 1932) and shall include association of persons

the details of a patient to whom any healthcare services are offered or provided in a healthcare establishment or by a healthcare professional, as the case may be, containing details of results of diagnosis of disease or ailment, tests or examinations conducted, medicines prescribed or administered, any surgical treatment or procedures performed as well as dates of admission and discharge of the patient etc.

a landless farm worker or, a person, who during the period of five years preceding the year in which the election is held, owning less than five acres of land as sole owner for subsistence living

the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (Act XLV of 1860)

any natural, legal person or body corporate

a legal or natural person and includes a body politic or corporate

a natural person or a legal person

both natural and legal person

- (i) an individual; (ii) an undivided family; (iii) a company; (iv) a firm under the Pakistani Partnership Act, 1932 (IX of 1932) or the Companies Act, 2017 (XIX of 2017) as the case may be; (v) an authority established and empowered by law; (vi) an association of persons or a body of individuals whether incorporated or not; (vii) a co-operative society registered under any law relating to co- operative societies; and (viii) any such other entity as the Federal Government may, by notification, specify in this behalf

the same meaning as assigned thereto in section 11 of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (Act XLV of 1860); (m) "public official" for the purpose of this Act means every person who holds any office by virtue of which he is empowered to place or keep any person in confinement, every officer of the Government whose duty it is, as such officer, to prevent offences, to investigate, and to give information of offences. Explanation. -Wherever the words "Public official" occur, they shall be understood as every person who is in actual possession of a public office, whatever legal defect there may be in that person's right to hold that position

shall include (a) an individual; (b) a company; (c) a firm; (d) an association of persons or a body of individuals, whether incorporated or not; (e) every artificial juridical person, not falling under sub-clauses (a) to (d)

“Person” unless the context otherwise so requires, includes in the case of a company or a body corporate, the sponsors, Chairman, Chief Executive, Managing Director, elected Directors, by whatever name called, and guarantors of the company or body corporate or any one exercising [direct] control of the affairs of such company or a body corporate; and in the case of any firm, partnership or sole proprietorship, the partners, proprietor or any person having any interest in the said firm, partnership or proprietorship [concerned or having direct control thereof];

an overseas Pakistani who files a petition before the Special Court

any punishment in which physical force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain or discomfort, however light it may be, which may involve hitting ("smacking", "slapping", "spanking") a child, with the hand or with an implement (a whip, stick, belt, shoe, wooden spoon, etc.) including kicking, shaking or throwing a child, scratching, pinching, biting, pulling hair or boxing ears. Forcing a child to stay in uncomfortable positions, burning, scalding or forced ingestion for example, washing a child's mouth out with soap or forcing him to swallow hot spices, including mental abuse or any other kind of punishment but not limited to: - (i) "assault" as defined in section 351 of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860) hereinafter referred to in this section as "the said Code"; (ii) "hurt" as defined in section 332 of the said Code; (iii) "criminal force" as defined in section 350 of the said Code; and (iv) other non-physical forms of punishment which are cruel and degrading, for example, punishment which belittles, humiliates, denigrates, scapegoats, threatens, scares or ridicules the child.

corporal punishment and all other forms of torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; (s) "prescribed means prescribed by rules made under this Act

also a house, building, tent and vessel. (r) "Pleader": "Pleader" used with reference to any proceeding in any Court means a pleader for a mukhtar authorised under any law for the time being in force to practise in such Court, and includes (1) an advocate, a vakil and an attorney of a High Court so authorised and (2) any other .person appointed with permission of the court to act in such proceeding.

any person from or through whom a plaintiff derives his right to sue

a planning area or a development area or a local planning area or a regional development plan area, by whatever name called, or any other area specified as such by the Federal Government or any authority having such power under the law and includes any area designated by the Federal Government or any authority or an owner to be a planning area for future planned development, under the law relating to Town and Country Planning for the time being in force and as revised from time to time

any post or place declared, generally or specially, by the Provincial Government to be a police station, and includes any local area specified by the Provincial Government in this behalf.

- (a) any instrument by which one person, in consideration of a premium, engages to indemnify another against loss, damage or liability arising from an unknown or contingent event; (b) a life-policy, and any policy insuring any person against accident or sickness, and any other personal insurance: (20) "Policy of sea-insurance" or "see-policy" - (a) means any insurance made upon any ship or vessel (whether for marine or inland navigation), or upon the machinery, tackle or furniture of any ship or vessel, or upon any goods, merchandise or property of any description whatever on board of any ship or vessel, or upon the freight of, or any other interest which may be lawfully insured in, or relating to, any ship or vessel; and (b) includes any insurance of goods, merchandise or property for any transit which includes, not only a sea risk within the meaning of clause (a), but also any other risk incidental to the transit insured from the commencement of the transit to the ultimate destination covered by the insurance: Where any person, in consideration of any sum of money paid or to be paid for additional freight or otherwise, agrees to take upon himself any risk attending goods, merchandise or property of any description whatever while on board of any ship or vessel or engages to indemnify the owner of any such goods, merchandise or property from any risk, loss or damage, such agreement or engagement shall be deemed to be a contract for sea insurance

all the parts, except the seeds, of the opium poppy after mowing

the material obtained after the poppy straw has been subjected to a process for the concentration of its alkaloids

voting by post or through any electronic mode: Provided that voting through postal ballot shall be subject to the provision in the articles of association of a company, save as otherwise provided in this Act

any instrument (not chargeable with a fee under the law relating to court fees for the time being in force) empowering a specified person to act for and in the name of the person executing it

any shop, stall, hotel, restaurant, airline services, canteens, place, vehicle, building or tent or any other structure and any adjoining land used in connection with it and any vehicle, conveyance, vessel or aircraft where any food is sold or manufactured or stored for sale

any shop, stall, hotel, restaurant, airline services, canteens, place (open or closed by a boundary), building or tent or any other structure and any adjoining land used in connection therewith and any vehicle, conveyance, vessel or aircraft where any article of food is manufactured, stored, transported or sold etc.

prescribed by rules made by the High Court under this Act. 5[4A. Power to confer jurisdiction on subordinate judicial officers and to transfer proceedings to such officers. - (1) The High Court may, by general or special order, empower any officer exercising original civil jurisdiction subordinate to a District Court, or authorise the Judge of any District Court to empower any such officer subordinate to him, to dispose of any proceedings under this Act transferred to such officer under the provisions of this section. (2) The Judge of a District Court may, by order in writing, transfer at any stage any proceeding under this Act pending in his Court for disposal to any officer subordinate to him empowered under sub-section (1).

prescribed by rules made under this Act

prescribed by rules made under section 11

prescribed by rules made under this Act

prescribed by rules made under this Act

prescribed by the rules or the regulations

prescribed by the rules as defined under clause (tt)

rules or regulations made under this Act

prescribed by rules made by the Federal Government under this Act

prescribed by rules or regulations made under this Act

prescribed by rules made under this Act

prescribed by rules made under this Act

prescribed by rules and regulations made under this Act

prescribed by the rules

prescribed by the Rules made under this Act

as prescribed by the Rules or Regulations made under this Act

prescribed by the Rules made under this Act

prescribed by rules made under this Act

prescribed by the rules made under this Act

means prescribed by rules made under this Act

means prescribed by rules made under this Act

“Prescribed” means prescribed by rules;

means prescribed by rules made under this Act

a gift of any property not being a bridal gift or dowry, given before, at or after the marriage, either directly or indirectly, to either party to a marriage in connection with the marriage or to the relatives of the bride or bridegroom but does not include neundra and salami

the money consideration for a sale of goods

a company which, by its articles- (a) restricts the right to transfer its shares [save as otherwise provided under this Act]; (b) limits the number of its members to fifty not including persons who are in the employment of the company; and (c) prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for the shares, if any, or debentures or redeemable capital of the company: Provided that, where two or more persons hold one or more shares in a company jointly, they shall, for the purposes of this definition, be treated as a single member

“Private Person” shall mean any person, other than a holder of public office;

the copy of a will certified under the seal of a Court of competent jurisdiction with a grant of administration to the estate of the testator

any area or areas within a local government declared as prohibited zone by a public notice for purposes of this Act

A proposal, when accepted becomes a promise

the person accepting the proposal is called the “promisee”

The person making the proposal is called the “promisor,”

a promissory note as defined by the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (XXVI of 1881); it also includes a note promising the payment of any sum of money out of any particular fund which may or may not be available, or upon any condition or contingency which may or may not be performed or happen

as in the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (XXVI of 1881)

a person- (a) who is named as a subscriber to the memorandum of association of a company; or (b) who has been named as such in a prospectus; or (c) who has control over affairs of the company, directly or indirectly whether as a shareholder, director or otherwise; or (d) in accordance with whose advice, directions or instructions the board of the company is accustomed to act: Provided that- (i) nothing in sub-clause (d) shall apply to a person who is acting merely in a professional capacity; and (ii) nothing contained in sub-clause (d) shall apply to the Commission, registrar or any authorised officer by virtue of enforcement or regulation of the provisions of this Act or any rules, regulations, instructions, directions, orders thereof

property, both moveable and immoveable, and includes any valuable security as defined in the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860)

property of every description, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible and includes shares, securities, bonds and deeds and instruments evidencing title to, or an interest in, property of any kind and money

(i) all forms of property, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, real estate or personal property of every description; (ii) property used to commit, or to abet the commission of, an offence punishable under this Act; (iii) all kinds of shares or interest in any corporate body, company, firm, business concern, society or fund; and (iv) all documents of title to land, goods or property wherever situated, money or valuable security issued by the Government

immovable property.

means asset of any kind, whether movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, corporeal or incorporeal and includes any right or interest or legal documents or instruments evidencing title or interest in the property and where the property is capable of conversion into some other form, then the property in the converted form and also includes the proceeds from the property

“Property” includes any or all movable and immovable properties situated within or outside Pakistan;

the general property in goods, and not merely a special property

When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal

any organization which is listed in the First Schedule under section 11B

any individual who is listed in the Fourth Schedule under section 11EE

the same meaning as assigned to it under the Securities Act, 2015 (III of 2015)

any document described or issued as a prospectus or any notice, circular, or other document offering for sale or any real estate project or inviting any person to make advances or deposits for such purposes

a Committee constituted under section 15

an officer designated by the Ministry of Human Rights under section 19

an order granted in terms of section 8

any division of Pakistan having a Court of the last resort

the government defined under Presidential Order No. 1 of 1980

means the government defined under Presidential Order No. 1 of 1980

the substances, specified in the Schedule-I to this Act and such substances as the Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, declare to be a psychotropic substance

a public analyst appointed under the Act

an analyst appointed under the Act

“Public at Large” means at least one hundred persons;

a company which is not a private company

a company which falls under the criteria as laid down in the Third Schedule to this Act or deemed to be such company under section 216

any building, premises or place to which the public have access

any person appointed under Section 492, and includes any person acting under the directions of a Public Prosecutor and any person conducting a prosecution on behalf of the State in any High Court in the exercise of its original criminal jurisdiction

and includes a road or street or way maintained by the Government or by a local government or by any other local authority

a company, whether public or private, which is directly or indirectly controlled, beneficially owned or not less than fifty-one percent of the voting securities or voting power of which are held by the Government or any agency of the Government or a statutory body, or in respect of which the Government or any agency of the Government or a statutory body, has otherwise power to elect, nominate or appoint majority of its directors and includes a public sector association not for profit, licenced under section 42: Provided that nomination of directors by the Commission on the board of the securities exchange or any other entity or operation of any other law shall not make it a public sector company

the same meaning as in Section 21 of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, or in any other law for the time being in force

any lawful purpose unless it is- (i) forbidden by law; or (ii) is of such a nature that, if permitted, it would defeat the provisions of any law; or (iii) is fraudulent; or (iv) involves or implies injury to the person or property of another; or (v) the court regards it as immoral or opposed to public policy

means any lawful purpose unless it is- (i) forbidden by law; or (ii) is of such a nature that, if permitted, it would defeat the provisions of any law; or (iii) is fraudulent; or (iv) involves or implies injury to the person or property of another; or (v) the court regards it as immoral or opposed to public policy