Reference · Pakistan

Legal Definitions Glossary

42 definitions under "M". Back to the full index.

Magistrate

مجسٹریٹ
The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 Section 4
a Judicial Magistrate and includes a Special Judicial Magistrate appointed under Sections 12 and 14. Clause m-a inserted. by Ordinance, XXXVII of 2001, dt.l3-8-2001.
Explanation
Under the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898, a Magistrate refers to a Judicial Magistrate and extends to include Special Judicial Magistrates appointed under the specific authority of Sections 12 and 14.

malafide complaint

بدنیتی پر مبنی شکایت
The Torture and Custodial Death (Prevention and Punishment) Act, 2022 Section 2
a complaint filed against any person, including a public official with malafide intentions or other ulterior motives or to harass such person or public official
Explanation
In the Torture and Custodial Death (Prevention and Punishment) Act 2022, a malafide complaint is one initiated against an individual or public official in bad faith, driven by ulterior motives, or intended specifically to harass the accused.

maltreatment

بدسلوکی
The ICT Child Protection Act, 2018 Section 2
cruel treatment meted out to a child resulting from ignorance or wilful neglect
Explanation
Under the ICT Child Protection Act 2018, maltreatment is defined as the infliction of cruel treatment upon a child, whether arising from the caregiver's ignorance or through willful neglect.

manufactured drug

تیار شدہ منشیات
The Control of Narcotic Substances Act, 1997 Section 2
(i) all coca derivatives, medicinal hemp, opium derivatives, cannabis in any form and any mixture of stalks and flowering or fruiting tops of the Indian hemp plant (cannabis sativa L.), Acetic Anhydride; and (ii) any other narcotic substance which the Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette made in pursuance of recommendations of any International Convention or otherwise, declare to be a manufactured drug
Explanation
According to the Control of Narcotic Substances Act 1997, manufactured drugs include derivatives of coca and opium, cannabis, and acetic anhydride, as well as any other narcotic substance the Federal Government officially designates as such via the Gazette.

market

مارکیٹ / منڈی
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
a place where persons assemble for the sale and purchase of meat, fish, fruit, vegetables or any other article of food or for the sale and purchase of livestock or animals and includes any place which may be notified as a market
Explanation
Under the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, a market is a designated location where people gather to trade food items (such as meat, fish, and vegetables) or livestock, including any area officially notified as a market by the authority.

market value

مارکیٹ ویلیو / بازار کی قیمت
The Capital Development Authority Ordinance, 1960 Section 2
(i) in relation to land acquired before the first day of January, 1968, the average market value thereof prevailing during the period commencing the first day of January, 1954, and ending on the thirty first day of December, 1958; (ii) in relation to land acquired on or after the first day of January, 1968, the aggregate of the average market value as aforesaid determined with reference to its classification recorded in the Register of Haqdaran Zamin as in force on that day and twenty-five per cent of such value; and (iii) in relation to land acquired on or after the first day of January, 1996, the market value as may be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 as applicable in the Province of the Punjab.
Explanation
Under the Capital Development Authority Ordinance 1960, market value is determined based on the acquisition date: using 1954-1958 averages for pre-1968 land, using the Register of Haqdaran Zamin plus 25% for post-1968 land, and following the Land Acquisition Act 1894 for land acquired after 1996.

marketable security

قابل فروخت سیکیورٹی
The Stamp Act, 1899 Section 2
a security of such a description as to be capable of being sold in any stock market in Pakistan
Explanation
Under the Stamp Act 1899, a marketable security is any financial security that possesses the characteristics necessary to be traded and sold within any recognized stock market in Pakistan.

marriage

شادی
The Dowry and Bridal Gifts (Restriction) Act, 1976 Section 2
betrothal, nikah and rukhsati
Explanation
Under the Dowry and Bridal Gifts (Restriction) Act 1976, 'marriage' is broadly defined to encompass the entire process of matrimonial union, including the initial engagement (betrothal), the formal legal contract (nikah), and the final ceremony of sending off the bride (rukhsati).

Master Plan

جامع منصوبہ
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
the Master Plan developed, maintained and enforced by Capital Development Authority
Explanation
In the context of the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, the Master Plan refers to the primary urban planning and development framework for the capital city, which is exclusively developed, maintained, and enforced by the Capital Development Authority (CDA).

Mayor

میئر
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
the Mayor of the Metropolitan Corporation elected as such under section 12
Explanation
Under the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, the Mayor is the elected head of the Metropolitan Corporation, whose authority and position are derived from the electoral process specified under Section 12 of the Act.

Mayor

میئر
Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government (Amendment) Ordinance, 2026 Section 3(d)
“Mayor” means the Mayor of the Town Corporation elected as such under section 16;
Explanation
The Mayor is the elected head of a Town Corporation, whose election must be conducted according to the legal framework provided in section 16.

mediation

مفاہمت
Alternative Dispute Resolution Act, 2017 Section 2(i)
means a process in which a Mediator facilitates dispute resolution by encouraging communication and negotiation between the parties, in order for them to arrive at a mutually satisfactory agreement
Explanation
A process where a neutral mediator assists parties in resolving their dispute by facilitating communication and negotiation to reach a mutually acceptable agreement.

Mediation Council

ثالثی کونسل
The Islamabad Rent Restriction Ordinance, 2001 Section 2
Mediation Council constituted under section 16A.
Explanation
Within the Islamabad Rent Restriction Ordinance 2001, the Mediation Council is a specialized body established under Section 16A to facilitate the resolution of landlord-tenant disputes through mediation before they proceed to formal litigation.

Medical and Dental Council

میڈیکل اینڈ ڈینٹل کونسل
The Islamabad Healthcare Regulation Act, 2018 Section 2
the Medical and Dental Council constituted under the Medical and Dental Council Ordinance, 1962 (XXXII of 1962)
Explanation
For the purposes of the Islamabad Healthcare Regulation Act 2018, this refers to the statutory regulatory body established by the 1962 Ordinance responsible for the registration and regulation of medical and dental practitioners.

medical negligence

طبی غفلت
The Islamabad Healthcare Regulation Act, 2018 Section 2
any negligence by an act or omission of a healthcare professional in performing his duty. In medical negligence cases it has to be established that- (a) there was a duty which the healthcare professional owed to the patient; (b) there was a breach of duty; (c) the breach resulted in injury to the patient; and (d) the injury resulted in causing damage or death
Explanation
Under the Islamabad Healthcare Regulation Act 2018, medical negligence is defined as a failure by a healthcare professional to exercise reasonable care. Legal liability is established by proving a duty of care, a breach of that duty, and a direct causal link between the breach and the resulting injury or death of the patient.

medicinal hemp

طبی بھنگ
The Control of Narcotic Substances Act, 1997 Section 2
any extract or tincture of hemp
Explanation
Under the Control of Narcotic Substances Act 1997, medicinal hemp refers specifically to processed derivatives of the hemp plant, such as extracts or tinctures, intended for therapeutic or medicinal use.

meeting

اجلاس
The Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 Section 2
a meeting of two or more persons, whether in public or private
Explanation
In the context of the Anti-Terrorism Act 1997, a 'meeting' is broadly defined as any gathering of two or more individuals, regardless of whether the assembly occurs in a public space or a private setting, to determine the legality of such gatherings in relation to terrorist activities.

Member

رکن
The Capital Development Authority Ordinance, 1960 Section 2
a member of the Authority
Explanation
Under the Capital Development Authority Ordinance 1960, a Member refers to an individual appointed or elected to serve on the governing body of the Capital Development Authority.

member

رکن
The Punjab Food Authority Act, 2011 Section 2
a member of the Food Authority; (r) 'misbranded food' means the food- (i) which is an imitation of or resembles another food, in a manner that it is likely to deceive the consumer; or (ii) which is so coloured, flavoured, coated, powdered or polished as to conceal the true nature of the food; or (iii) which is contained in any package which, or the label of which, bears any statement, design or device regarding the ingredients or the substances contained in the food, that is false or misleading
Explanation
This section provides two definitions under the Punjab Food Authority Act 2011: first, a 'member' is an individual belonging to the Food Authority; second, 'misbranded food' refers to food products that are deceptive in appearance, nature, or labeling, thereby misleading the consumer.

member

رکن
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
a member of a local government
Explanation
Under the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, a member is an individual who holds a position within the local government structure, typically through election or appointment.

Member

رکن
The Islamabad Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2021 Section 2
the member of the Real Estate Regulatory Authority appointed under this Act
Explanation
In the Islamabad Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act 2021, a Member is a person specifically appointed to the Real Estate Regulatory Authority to oversee the regulation and development of the real estate sector.

Member

ممبر
Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 2017 Section 2
means the chairperson or the member of the adjudicating authority or the Appellate Tribunal, as the case may be
Explanation
Any person serving as the chairperson or a member of either the Adjudicating Authority or the Appellate Tribunal.

memorandum

میمورنڈم
The Companies Act, 2017 Section 2
the memorandum of association of a company as originally framed or as altered from time to time in pursuance of company law or of this Act
Explanation
Under the Companies Act 2017, the memorandum refers to the fundamental constitutional document of a company that defines its objects and powers, including any subsequent legal amendments made to it in accordance with the law.

mental violence

ذہنی تشدد
The ICT Child Protection Act, 2018 Section 2
subjecting or exposing a child to scaring, terrorizing and threatening behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or any other treatment which may diminish the sense of identity, dignity and self-respect
Explanation
Under the ICT Child Protection Act 2018, mental violence is defined as the psychological abuse of a child through fear, terror, or threats, leading to trauma, depression, or a loss of self-worth and dignity.

mercantile agent

تجارتی ایجنٹ
Sale of Goods Act, 1930 Section 2
a mercantile agent having in the customary course of business as such agent authority either to sell goods, or to consign goods for the purposes of sale, or to buy goods, or to raise money on the security of goods
Explanation
An agent who, in the normal course of their business, is authorized to sell, consign for sale, purchase, or use goods as collateral for raising funds.

Metropolitan Corporation

میٹروپولیٹن کارپوریشن
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
the Metropolitan Corporation notified as such under section 9
Explanation
Under the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, the Metropolitan Corporation is the specific local government body officially notified under Section 9 to manage the administrative and municipal affairs of the metropolitan area.

Ministry

وزارت
The Islamabad Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2021 Section 2
the Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan
Explanation
In the context of the Islamabad Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act 2021, 'Ministry' specifically refers to the Ministry of Interior of the Government of Pakistan.

minor

نابالغ
The Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 Section 4
a person who, under the provisions of the Majority Act, 1875 (IX of 1875), is to be deemed not to have attained his majority
Explanation
Under the Guardians and Wards Act 1890, a minor is any person who has not yet reached the legal age of majority as defined by the provisions of the Majority Act of 1875.

minor

نابالغ
The Registration Act, 1908 Section 2
a person who, according to the personal law to which he is subject, has not attained majority
Explanation
Under the Registration Act 1908, the status of a minor is determined by the specific personal law (religious or customary law) applicable to that individual, rather than a uniform statutory age.

minor

نابالغ
The Succession Act, 1925 Section 2
any person subject to the Majority Act, 1875, who has not attained his majority within the meaning of that Act, and any other person who has not completed the age of eighteen years; and 'minority' means the status of any such person
Explanation
The Succession Act 1925 defines a minor as someone who hasn't reached majority under the Majority Act 1875 or is under 18 years of age, establishing the legal status of 'minority' for the purposes of inheritance and succession.

minor

نابالغ
The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016 Section 2
notwithstanding anything contained in any other law, any person who has not completed the age of eighteen years
Explanation
Under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016, a minor is strictly defined as any person under 18 years of age, and this definition overrides any conflicting definitions found in other laws.

minor

نابالغ
The Companies Act, 2017 Section 2
a person under the age of eighteen years
Explanation
For the purposes of the Companies Act 2017, a minor is defined as any individual who is under eighteen years of age.

misbranded food

غلط لیبل شدہ خوراک
The Islamabad Food Authority Act, 2021 Section 2
an article of food, - (a) which is an imitation of, or resembles an other food in such a manner that is likely to deceive the consumers; or (b) which is so coloured, flavoured, coated, powdered or polished as to conceal the true nature thereof; or (c) which is contained in any package which, or the label of which bears any statement, design, picture or description regarding the ingredients or the substances contained therein, which is false or misleading
Explanation
Under the Islamabad Food Authority Act 2021, misbranded food refers to any food product that is deceptive in its appearance, composition, or labeling, intended to mislead the consumer about its true nature or ingredients.

misconduct

بدسلوکی
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
transgression of the prescribed code of conduct or dereliction of duty or deliberate unlawful behavior or violation of law or rules or lawful directions or orders of the Government and includes,- (i) gross negligence in the performance of duties with manifest wrongful intent or evil design; or (ii) an act that results in wrongful gain to any person by wrongful application of law; or (iii) making or managing appointment, promotion or transfer of an officer or official in violation of law or rules or for extraneous consideration; or (iv) bribery, corruption, jobbery, favoritism, nepotism or willful diversion of the fund of the local government
Explanation
Under the ICT Local Government Act 2015, misconduct is a broad term covering breaches of the code of conduct, dereliction of duty, corruption, nepotism, and gross negligence in official duties, specifically including acts that result in wrongful gain or illegal appointments.

modaraba company

مضاربہ کمپنی
The Companies Act, 2017 Section 2
the same meaning as assigned to it in the Modaraba Companies and Modaraba (Floatation and Control) Ordinance, 1980 (XXXI of 1980)
Explanation
Under the Companies Act 2017, a Modaraba company is defined by reference to the Modaraba Companies and Modaraba (Floatation and Control) Ordinance 1980, referring to a specific Islamic financial partnership structure.

monetary relief

مالی ریلیف
The Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act, 2026 Section 2
a monetary relief which a court may order under section 9
Explanation
Under the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act 2026, monetary relief refers to the financial compensation, maintenance, or support that a court is empowered to grant to a victim under Section 9 of the Act.

money

رقم
The Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 Section 2
coins or notes in any currency, postal orders, money orders, bank credits, bank accounts, letter of credit, travelers cheques, bank cheques, bankers draft, in any form, electronic, digital or otherwise and such other kinds of monetary instruments or documents as the Federal Government may by order specify
Explanation
The Anti-Terrorism Act 1997 provides an expansive definition of 'money,' including traditional currency, various banking instruments, and digital assets, to ensure comprehensive coverage of all financial resources that could be used to fund terrorism.

money lender

سود خور
The ICT Prohibition of Interest on Private Loans Act, 2023 Section 2
a person, other than the Federal or Provincial Government or a financial institution, who lends money on interest or deals in interest based transactions and includes any person appointed by him to be in- charge of a branch office or branch offices or a liaison office or any other office by whatever name called, of his principal place of business and a pawn broker who carries on the business, of taking goods and chattels in pawn or pledge for a loan, offering payday loans, small personal loans or credit chits; Explanation- Where a money lender is resident outside the Islamabad Capital Territory, the agent of such person resident in that area, shall be deemed to be the money lender in respect of that business for the purposes of this Act
Explanation
Under the ICT Prohibition of Interest on Private Loans Act 2023, a money lender is a private individual or entity (excluding government or banks) that provides loans on interest or operates as a pawn broker, including their agents operating within the ICT.

mortgage or charge

رہن یا چارج
The Companies Act, 2017 Section 2
an interest or lien created on the property or assets of a company or any of its undertakings or both as security
Explanation
Under the Companies Act 2017, a mortgage or charge is a legal security interest created over a company's assets or undertakings to secure the repayment of a debt or the performance of a legal obligation.

mortgage-deed

رہن نامہ
The Stamp Act, 1899 Section 2
every instrument whereby, for the purpose of securing money advanced, or to be advanced, by way of loan, or an existing or future debt, or the performance of an engagement, one person transfers, or creates, to or in favour of, another, a right over or in respect of specified property
Explanation
Under the Stamp Act 1899, a mortgage-deed is the legal instrument used to create a right over a specified property as security for a loan, a debt, or the fulfillment of a contractual engagement.

moveable property

منقولہ جائیداد
The Registration Act, 1908 Section 2
property of every description, except immoveable property
Explanation
Under the Registration Act 1908, moveable property is defined residually as any property that does not fall under the legal definition of immoveable property.

municipal offence

بلدیاتی جرم
The Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act, 2015 Section 2
an act or omission punishable under this Act and includes an act or omission declared as municipal offence under any other law for the time being in force in Islamabad Capital Territory
Explanation
Within the framework of the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, a municipal offence refers to any violation of the rules or regulations set forth in the Act, or any other applicable law within the ICT, which is subject to legal penalties.